Science · September 29, 2026

What Your Body Loses When You Sweat

Sodium, potassium, chloride, magnesium and calcium, and roughly how much of each leaves your body in an hour of hard training.

Sweat rate and sweat composition are two different things, and most hydration advice only covers the first one. Knowing you lost a liter of fluid tells you how much to drink back. It does not tell you what was in that liter.

Sweat carries electrolytes out of your body along with the water. The concentration varies by person, by heat, and by training status, but the five that matter stay consistent: sodium, potassium, chloride, magnesium and calcium.

Sodium: the biggest loss by far

A trained athlete loses somewhere between 500mg and 2,000mg of sodium per liter of sweat, depending on genetics and heat acclimation. Over an hour of hard training that adds up fast, and it is why sodium anchors every hydration product on the market. Our formula dosed 730mg per stick, set for someone losing real fluid in training, not someone at a desk.

The other four

Potassium losses run lower than sodium, typically 150mg to 250mg per liter, but potassium drives muscle contraction and nerve signaling, so even a moderate deficit shows up late in a session as cramping and fatigue. Chloride tracks closely with sodium since the two make up table salt together. Magnesium and calcium losses are smaller in absolute terms, single digit to low double digit milligrams per liter, but magnesium in particular starts from a deficit most athletes are already carrying before training even begins.

Why this matters for how you hydrate

Replace fluid without replacing electrolytes and you dilute what remains in your system. That is part of why plain water alone can leave you feeling worse during a long session instead of better. Replace sodium alone and you cover the biggest loss while ignoring four others doing real work in your body.

That reasoning is why we dosed all five in NOXE instead of one. It is what leaves your body when you train, not a formulation choice made for a label.